Deciding on the complex world of online advertising necessitates a deep grasp of different cost structures . CPI (Cost Per Install), CPL (Cost Per Lead), CPM (Cost Per Mille/Thousand Impressions), and CPV (Cost Per View) each represent a distinct strategy to compensate ad platforms . CPI is ideal f

The pervasive nature of ad fraud poses a significant challenge to the digital advertising industry. This comparative analysis examines the diverse methods employed by fraudsters and highlights their effects on advertisers, publishers, and consumers. By evaluating various fraudulent practices across